Why Do We Need GMOs?
Genetic modification allows genetic engineers to be flexible with nature. With the help of genetic engineering, the natural possibilities are expanded. Genetic engineering can help researchers solve:
|
Faster, Larger HarvestProblem: World hunger is arguably one of the most well known issues that plagues areas all over the world.
Solution: The first FDA approved GMO for consumption is the AquAdvantage Salmon. These salmon are modified by the insertion of two genes from other fish. Those genes include a growth hormone gene from the Pacific Chinook salmon, which is activated by a gene from the ocean pout. These genes stimulate and prolong the growth of the modified salmon. This allows them to grow twice as fast as naturally occurring salmon. As a result of the accelerated growth, the salmon also consume 25% less feed and can be distributed in larger quantities. Many developing countries that lack proper nutrition can benefit significantly by importing these salmon. The FDA found them to be just as nutritious as naturally occurring salmon. |
Medical BreakthroughProblem: Many developing countries and even less fortunate people in developed nations lack proper nutrition.
Solutions: The “super-banana”, developed by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, is supplemented with beta-carotene, which is used to produce Vitamin A. Vitamin A deficiency is a common issue and can cause vision loss and even death. These modified bananas can grow in tropical climates and also potentially be sold in regular grocery stores. Instead of needing a prescription drug or medical treatment, one could obtain the necessary nutrients, simply by eating a banana. |
Combat EpidemicProblem: Insect-borne diseases plague the Earth. Diseases such as Dengue and Malaria are significant and deadly diseases that are carried by mosquitoes and severely impact worldwide populations.
Solution: Genetically modified insects could help eliminate insect-borne diseases. Researchers have been pushing for further research on sterile, genetically modified mosquitoes. These bugs are used to create extra competition for mating with a female insect. By releasing extra mosquitos into the environment, the supply of female mates decreases relative to the size of the male population. As a result, some female insects will mate with sterile males. Consequently, the female insects will be unable to pass on a disease, since it will not produce any offspring. Eventually, the insect population would dwindle down, reducing the spread of the insect and disease. This technique has proven successful in eliminating the screwworm fly and other parasites. |
(All images from pixabay.com)